Vol 18, No 3 (2021)

Higher school education

Implementation of creative projects in the conditions of digitalization of educational environment

Protsenko E.G.

Abstract

In this paper, the problem of digitalization of the educational environment is actualized. In this regard, the basic concepts of the problem under consideration have been clarified. The author analyzes the digitalization process, factors in the development of the digital educational process, didactic principles of digital pedagogy, the use of an interdisciplinary approach in higher education. The hypothesis of the research is that the use of such a method as a creative project in the learning process contributes to an increase in the level of digital culture of students, the formation of creative thinking and creativity, flexibility and the ability to make decisions in the face of constant changes. The organization of creative projects on digital platforms will diversify the professional training of students. The main problems of this paper are related to the fact that, despite the existing methods of forming a digital culture, the level of its formation remains extremely low. Not all modern teaching methods serve the needs of the learner. The paper presents one of the possible solutions to the problem presented on the example of the methodology for conducting classes in the developed courses of disciplines «Recreational geography», «Recreational resource studies», «Resortology», «Art history: Cinema history» with students majoring in social and cultural activities. The features of the organization of classes, the implementation of practical tasks by students, the variety of forms, methods and means of teaching are presented. The work emphasizes the importance of organizing conditions for creative activity in the context of digitalization of the educational environment.

Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2021;18(3):5-18
pages 5-18 views

Life-long learning skills as a basis for individual learning style of university students

Smagina I.L.

Abstract

In a current situation of society development, each person should have life-long learning skills, which allow him to be flexible, autonomous, able to adapt to different scenarios of today’s unstable reality. These skills can be referred to the category of soft skills, the development of which give the students the opportunity to organize their learning process effectively, and it will also help in forming students’ individual learning style. Life-long learning skills formed at the university can also be considered as skills oriented to the prospect of further personal and professional development “perspective life-long learning skills”. Thus, the purpose of this study is to find mechanisms of the development of students’ life-long learning skills that also help in forming their individual learning style. Using the methods of theoretical, structural-content and comparative analysis, as well as the synthesis of ideas, it was possible to find out that life-long learning skills belong to the category of soft methodological skills, the development mechanism of which is the strategies of independent learning. Moreover, studying the relationship between such concepts as “life-long learning skills”, “universal competencies”, “individual learning style” showed that the development of soft methodological skills of life-long education is the basis for the formation of students’ individual learning style. As part of the study, it was developed a methodology for teaching students cognitive and metacognitive strategies for independent learning in a foreign language class while working on listening. As the expected results of the application of this methodology, it is assumed that having mastered the strategies and techniques of independent learning, students will be able to deal with the learning material better, which in turn will help to master the competences more successfully, to increase learning motivation and to form students’ subjective position. As a prospect for further research, we see the development and testing of technology for teaching students the skills of life-long education, with a detailed description of the stages and guidelines for students and teachers.

Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2021;18(3):19-32
pages 19-32 views

Method of introducing difficult professional situations for the development of foreign language communicative competence

Yukhmina E.A., Shlykova D.V.

Abstract

The paper considers an important pedagogical problem in the sphere of foreign language teaching, i.e. increasing the level of students’ communicative competence. Case study is a tool for solving this task. The research aim is to develop a set of communicative cases in English for solving difficult professional situations, the implementation of which will contribute to the development of students’ communicative competence. The following methods are used in the research: analysis of modern scientific and methodological literature on the problem of research; testing; monitoring the effectiveness of students’ work when using the developed set of communicative cases; statistical data processing. There were elaborated and tested four cases. The unifying topic of them is «Difficult professional situations». The choice of the topic can be explained by a stimulating effect of difficult situations in a person’s life. The content of each case embraces both productive and receptive skills. The approbation took place at Chelyabinsk State University within the framework of the discipline «Foreign language» (Applied Mathematics and Informatics group of specialties, the profile of Information and Management Technologies). The testees are the first-year students. One of the cases is presented here as a sample. A particular attention is paid to the study of the influence of difficult situations on human behavior. The paper contains a description of the stages of work on a case, criteria for the materials of cases, an analysis of the skills and abilities being formed, as well as recommendations for working with them. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the results of the research can make foreign language teaching more effective.

Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2021;18(3):33-46
pages 33-46 views

Experience in organizing the cadets’ practical training by means of the discipline “Foreign language”

Igumnova O.V.

Abstract

Nowadays practice-oriented learning in higher education is fixed as a legal norm in Russian legal system. The legislator emphasizes the importance of developing students’ practical skills while they are at the higher school. Primarily it deals with specialized subjects of educational programs. Nevertheless, general studies, which include a foreign language, should also cover specialists’/bachelors’ practical training.

There is a need to determine the possibilities of organizing practical (professionally-oriented) language training for students of educational organizations of higher education. We see the improvement of the practical component of the discipline “Foreign Language” in the possibilities of interdisciplinary integration of the course material. This task is solved by selecting typical situations of business communication, clarifying the terminology necessary for elementary foreign language communication, and determining the appropriate teaching forms, methods and techniques.

The purpose of the paper is to present the experience of organizing the cadets’ practical training within higher education settings of the Federal Penitentiary Service in foreign language classes. The proposed materials are developed with the specifics of the program being mastered in mind.

The research is based on systematic and functional, activity, competency-based and humanistic approaches. The normative documents study and the generalization of the higher learning mass pedagogical experience made it possible to systematize and plan one lesson in this course.

Methodological foundations, empirical and theoretical research methods allowed us to determine the logic of in-class learning, a set of training tasks, to specify the forms of the cadets’ classroom activities (shift groups working) and the principles of evaluating the learners’ success.

The proposed version of the lesson allows you to activate the mechanisms of cadets’ professional self-identification, promotes the formation of their personal and professionally significant qualities, helps to master legal terminology and apply it in oral communication, as well as to get an idea of the similarities and differences between the legal systems of Russia and the countries of the studied language.

The author also formulated a number of problems related to the cadets’ practical training by means of a foreign language.

Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2021;18(3):47-62
pages 47-62 views

Psychosemantic approach as the basis for the algorithmization technology of processing educational information

Tsupikova E.V., Tsyguleva M.V.

Abstract

An ability to improve the professional level, need for self-development and self education is called to be one of the essential qualities of a modern specialist irrespective of the professional sphere. Such an activity requires intellectual and psychological mobility, wish to obtain and process huge amount of new and complex information, ability to apply new knowledge to correct and modify the existing system of experience and activity. In the evolution of the information society, self-development and self education are at the top of the soft skills list; therefore formation of a new thinking style is becoming the most important task of teaching. The aim of the paper is to present an argument for introducing some elements of algorithmization of work with student texts based on the psychosemantic approach. Semantic principles (matching of logical and linguistic categories, considering the text from the inner and outer speech, considering the text as cognitive and communicative essence; differentiation between the meaning and sense as between the semantics of the outer speech and the semantics of thinking; identification of semantic relationships between information elements, etc.), psychological and pedagogical principles (self-reflection support of learning activity; self-motivation due to determining usefulness and applicability of information; self-organization of students while creating their own algorithms of learning activity, etc.), and psycholinguistic principles (building logical supporting schemes, analogues of universal subject codes; semantic evaluation of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of information, etc.)of work with scientific and educational profession-oriented information are described and correlated with the learning content and mechanisms of students’ verbal and cognitive activity. Psycholinguistic, semantic and organizational competences are identified, with a set of knowledge, skills and abilities for each of them being defined. The authors suggest a technology of algorithmization of students’ work with the professionally-oriented text information on the basis of a psychosemantic approach. The purpose of the algorithmization is to accelerate students’ work and improve the quality of information acquisition.

Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2021;18(3):63-84
pages 63-84 views

Assessing universal competencies of students of non-linguistic specialties

Drobotenko Y.B., Nazarova N.A.

Abstract

The rapidly developing labor reality requires a modern specialist to be ready for rapid adaptation in the professional space, mobility within the labor market and constant self-improvement. The training of such specialists at the university aims at the formation of both highly professional and “flexible” (universal) competencies that provide the ability to think systematically, critically assess problem situations and search for a variety of resources for solving professional problems. Universal competencies are represented by eight groups which suppose that University training in its basic part should be identical at all university levels of education and for all areas and specialties. And it is grounded on the principles of universalism. The purpose of the paper is to present the concept of “universal competencies” in a meaningful and structural way and to determine the possibilities of the case-testing method in their evaluation. The research methodology is based on the principles of flexibility and variability applied to research process organization, practice-oriented principles of the results of research procedures. It is focused on a holistic, reflexive-analytical and methodological-instructive presentation of the results of diagnostics that reflect the development of universal competencies.

The following research methods are used: theoretical analysis and content analysis of normative documents that describe the structure of universal competence and determine the contribution of the discipline «Foreign Language» to the development of this type of competence among students of non-linguistic specialties; generalization of Russian and foreign experience in assessing competencies to identify the best practices for diagnosing their development; analysis of current and interim control test-tasks designed to evaluate universal competencies that can be found in the OmSPU evaluation funds; interviewing teachers of the Department of Foreign Languages (interfaculty chair) of OmSPU that aims at showing the advantages and disadvantages of case-testing in assessing the universal competencies of students of non-linguistic specialties.

As a result of the research, a model evaluation case is going to be designed and the recommendations for University teachers how to use it in their work will be given. The scientific novelty of the research includes the ideas developing a universal approach to the University training as well as the ideas enriching a competence-based approach how to organize and evaluate universal competencies. The practical significance is seen in the possibility of using the materials of the paper to improve the funds of evaluation tools for the discipline “Foreign Language”; developing an educational module for advanced training courses.

Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2021;18(3):85-102
pages 85-102 views

Theory and methodology of education

Pedagogical conditions for forming the project competence of future teachers in the university environment

Muller O.Y.

Abstract

The relevance of the problem under study is associated with an important task of the higher education system — the preparation of students — future teachers – for project activities in an educational institution. A modern teacher should have a wide range of knowledge, skills and abilities in the field of project activities. The purpose of the paper is a theoretical substantiation of pedagogical conditions that contribute to the formation of project competence of future teachers in the university environment. As designated pedagogical conditions are named and described: organization of training in cooperation; introduction of an additional course “Learning to work on a project” into the educational process; the use of the project method as a form of independent work of students in the study of various disciplines of the curriculum. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that pedagogical conditions have been developed and substantiated, contributing to the effective formation of the project competence of future teachers in the conditions of a university. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that its results enrich the theory and methodology of vocational education in the field of forming the project competence of future teachers; complement scientific ideas about the pedagogical conditions for the effective formation of project competence, as well as about the features of its functioning; scientific approaches are systematized. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the revealed pedagogical conditions lead to the effective formation of the project competence of future teachers in the conditions of a university. The developed additional course can be applied in the practice of teaching universities in order to improve the quality of professional training of future teachers. The experimental base of the study was the budgetary institution of higher education «Surgut State University». The methods used in the research: generalization, analysis and synthesis of information, comparison, analysis of educational and project activities of students. The effectiveness of preparing students - future teachers - for project activities with students is an urgent task in the education system, which can be ensured through the implementation of certain pedagogical conditions. It is the pedagogical conditions that increase the effectiveness of educational and cognitive activities and contribute to the most fruitful work of the teacher and students.

Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2021;18(3):103-114
pages 103-114 views

Electronic dictionaries in educational process in higher education

Vyshkin E.G., Nemich N.N., Khokhlova A.A.

Abstract

The paper considers an application of electronic dictionaries in the educational process as a promising method adapting modern education to the increasing information flow. The possibilities of using electronic dictionaries prove them to be a source of high-quality reference material and useful and necessary modern tool in foreign language learning. The paper points out the functionality of electronic dictionaries, their advantages and disadvantages. The opportunities of electronic dictionaries are wide enough: speed, convenience in finding information, large volume, sound and graphic illustration of the word, spell checker, interactivity, text conciseness, etc. Electronic dictionaries are based on modern lexical material, reflecting the language and speech tendencies, making the translation process fast and interactive, thus becoming a universal tool in the educational process of higher education. The authors point out that students have the opportunity to use the digital resource during lectures, practical studies and independent work.

Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2021;18(3):115-126
pages 115-126 views

Social psychology

Experience in researching the identity of active internet users

Peregudina V.A.

Abstract

The paper reflects the results of a study aimed at studying the features of the identity of the personality of active users of network mass media of young age. The research is based on the idea of modern authors that identity on the Internet is one of the aspects of real identity that arises due to the projection of stable, significant personal characteristics into the virtual world, the use of the possibilities of information and communication technologies to construct new ones, as well as the transformation of existing aspects of personal identity. To compare the aspects of the identity of the personality of active Internet users («I-virtual», «I-ideal» and «I-real»), the criteria of differentiation of existing images, the multiplicity of created Self-images, as well as the degree of fullness and development of specific aspects of identity are used. The degree of differentiation of the types of identity — real and virtual-was diagnosed based on the analysis of the results of Osgood’s semantic differential; the indicator of the multiplicity of Self-images presented in reality, as well as in virtual space, was measured using the Kuhn-McPartland test «Who I am? «and its modification «Who I am online?»; the variability of real personality traits in the aspect of virtual self-presentation was diagnosed by comparing the results of the individual typological questionnaire (ITO) and the method of diagnosing interpersonal relations (DMO) by L. N. Sobchik. As a result of the analysis using theoretical and empirical research methods, as well as data processing methods (descriptive statistics, graphical analysis and calculation of criteria for differences and correlation), it is proved that the identity of the personality of active Internet users is characterized by a greater multiplicity of Self-images, less differentiation of the Self-concept (the image of the virtual Self merges with the image of the real Self), as well as a pronounced tendency to variability of personal characteristics due to an increase in the severity of socially desirable personality traits and a tendency to aggravity of existing ones.

Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2021;18(3):127-144
pages 127-144 views

Educational psychology

Relationship between emotional sphere, tolerance of uncertainty and productive decision-making strategies

Shestova M.A.

Abstract

Tolerance for uncertainty is a component of intellectual-personal potential and mediates the decision-making process (DM). The state of Art demonstrates that tolerance of uncertainty contributes to effective and productive decision-making and associated with the constructs that reveal the emotional sphere of a person. The theory of dynamic regulative systems predicts that in the decision-making process, both cognitive and emotional-personal components (tolerance of uncertainty, emotional creativity, and emotional experience of threats from uncertainty) can reach the upper levels of the hierarchy. The role of tolerance for uncertainty in the decision-making processes is relatively well known, however the contribution of the emotional sphere to the problem-solving processes, as well as its relationship with tolerance of uncertainty, is not sufficiently studied. The aim of the study was to establish correlations between emotional creativity and tolerance for uncertainty and productive decision-making strategies. Hypotheses: positive correlation between emotional creativity — tolerance of uncertainty — productive decision-making strategies was expected. As a result, positive relationship between emotional creativity and tolerance of uncertainty was revealed. It is shown that emotional creativity can be involved in decision-making processes in two ways: to help overcome uncertainty and increase the effectiveness of problem solving, or to lead to difficulties in overcoming interpersonal intolerance of uncertainty, due to a decrease in components of self-control and control of emotional expression. Taken together, the results demonstrate the inclusion of uncertainty tolerance in the emotional sphere of the person, and show the involvement of these components in the DM processes.

Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2021;18(3):145-156
pages 145-156 views

Students ‘view on distance education

Maksimyuk E.V.

Abstract

The paper analyzes the results of an associative experiment conducted with second-year students (SibADI, Omsk) in the fall of 2020 with the aim of assessing the experience of the mass introduction of distance learning technologies, assessing the receptive reactions of students, identifying the degree of emotional comfort of learning during a pandemic, the difficulties they had to be faced, their sources and the degree of recurrence. The results of the study became the basis for the development of methodological recommendations in order to increase the degree of effectiveness of the educational process in a distance format.

The introduction reveals the essence of the concept of distance education, its goals and objectives at different stages in different countries. A number of advantages provided by the distance learning format and its relevance in the modern world are highlighted.

The results of the experiment showed that not all students are psychologically ready for a sharp transition to distance learning. The wide public resonance aroused increased interest in researching the problems that have arisen in this educational sphere.

The associative experiment took place in two stages. The first question was aimed at identifying the preferences of the form of education of full-time students. The question was: «What form of education do you prefer full-time or distance learning?» The responses ratio was 70:30. Seventy percent of the surveyed respondents preferred full-time education, the rest — distance learning. In the second part, they were invited to take part in an associative experiment to reconstruct a fragment of the national linguistic picture of the world in a certain historical period. Through an associative experiment, we were able to identify and analyze the psychoemotional assessment of the components and their frequency within the modified concept of “distance education”; practical recommendations of a didactic nature were proposed for reducing negative connotations and removing psychological barriers in the process of distance learning.

Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2021;18(3):157-170
pages 157-170 views

Developmental psychology

Relationship of personal projects and meaningful orientations in youth and adolescence

Ryazantseva E.Y.

Abstract

The problem of personal projects is brought to the forefront of scientific research by the very process of renewing a modern transitive society, which requires young people to be independent and responsible for their decisions and life choices. In this connection, the purpose of the research presented in the paper is to study the differences in the connections between the indicators of personal projects and the life-meaning orientations of the individual at the stages of adolescence and youth. The sample consisted of 148 people (64 boys and 84 girls aged 16 to 30). In use were used: the methodology «Analysis of personal projects» (B.R. Little in the adaptation of E.Yu. Ryazantseva), as well as the test of life-meaning orientations. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS (version 22) using the Mann — Whitney U test (for metric variables). The identification of links between metric indicators was carried out using correlation analysis (Spearman’s coefficient). It was shown that a relationship was found between the indicators of personal projects (difficulty, visibility, control, responsibility, values, time adequacy, autonomy) and life-meaning orientations. At the age of 16–17, young people are oriented towards outside support. For young people aged 18-25, the search for their identity becomes significant, where both the support of relatives and friends and their inner resources are important. At an older age (26–30 years), the degree of individual independence in the implementation of their projects increases, the dependence on socio-cultural resources decreases, the number of connections between personal projects and indicators increases: goals in life, locus of control — life.

Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2021;18(3):171-180
pages 171-180 views

The phenomenon of laziness as a risk factor of high school students' fascination with gadgets

Sunnatova R.I.

Abstract

In the study presented in the paper, the term passion for computer games and viewing social networks is used as a predictor of computer addiction and, which is not legally defined as addiction, but its blocking effect on the educational activity and productivity of schoolchildren can be stated. The study was carried out in accordance with the ecopsychological model of the formation of subjectivity from the subject of perception to the subject of productive development. The aim was to study the possible links between the passion for computer games and social networks, and such a state of personality, which in everyday consciousness is defined as laziness of schoolchildren. In accordance with the understanding of the formation of subjectivity (the subject of productive development) in the ecopsychological model, the key condition is human activity. We suggested that the lack of activity or passivity of students in grades 8-11 may be a condition for the emergence of excessive enthusiasm for computer games and viewing social networks. Two author’s methods were used: «Personal characteristics as predictors of abnormal behavior» and «Laziness or unwillingness to learn», the creation of which is associated with the need to study the intrapersonal causes of passivity or lack of activity in educational activities or the phenomenon of «learning laziness» in students. The hypotheses are confirmed by the fact that Spearman’s correlation coefficients were obtained, showing statistically significant links between computer and social media involvement with all the identified causes of laziness, namely: reduced learning motivation, lack of self-confidence, attitudes that» everything does not depend on me, so there is nothing to try», poor health, lack of conscious self-regulation, dissatisfaction with the attitude of teachers. Spearman coefficients from .326 to .421 at p <0.001. In general, the results obtained confirm the theoretical validity of the developed methods and show the validity of their use for psychological and pedagogical support for the development and formation of subjectivity of high school students.

Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2021;18(3):181-191
pages 181-191 views

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